BLOOD GROUP

 BLOOD GROUP OR TYPE

The discovery of the blood group is responsible for Karl Landsteiner, who did this in 1901.

There are 4 types of blood groups.  A, B, AB, and O

The AB and O blood groups were discovered in 1902 by Alfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli.

O blood group is called the donor and AB blood group is called Omnibus.

O (-VE) is called the donor of blood group and AB (+ VE) is the Omnibus of blood group.

Blood group is divided on the basis of antigen and antibodies present in the blood.

There are two types of antigens, denoted by A and B.

These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.

There are also two types of antibodies which are represented by a and b.

A antigen and b antibody are present in group A.

In the B group, B antigen and a antibody are present.

In the AB group both A, B antigens are present and the antibody is absent.

In the O group, both antibodies a, b are present, antigens are absent.

In group A, Antigen A with antibody b.

In group B, Antigen B with antibody a.

In group AB, Antigen AB with neither antibody a nor b.

In group O, Antigen null (group O) with both antibody a and b.

Phenotype and genotype of blood types

Phenotype Genotype

A                AA or AI

B                BB or BI

AB                     AB

O                         II

condition of blood taking

The antigen and antibodies of the donor and receiver must be different in the blood group.  If they are similar, blood cells stick together.  And the receiver dies.

If the blood corpuscles are removed from the blood, the plasma remains.

If the plasma is removed from the blood then only the blood cells remain.

If the fibrinogen is removed from the plasma, the serum remains.

If RBCs are also isolated from the blood corpuscles, then this serum will also be left.